Influensavirus I Hester

2024 Forfatter: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Sist endret: 2023-12-17 03:12

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Noen ganger referert til som hestinfluensa, er hest influensa en av de mest utbredte smittsomme virale hestesykdommene i verden. I USA er det oftest sett hos unge hester rundt 2 til 3 år og ofte oppstått på løpebaner. Influensavirus retter seg mot hestens luftveier og ødelegger slimhinnen i slimhinnene i dyrets luftveier på ganske kort tid, med inkubasjonsperioden bare en til tre dager etter infeksjon.

Symptomer

En hest med hest influensa har unormalt høy kroppstemperatur og neseutslipp, som vanligvis er klar i fargen. Lungebetennelse er også en hyppig sekundær infeksjon for hester med denne tilstanden, da immunforsvaret deres er kompromittert. Denne sekundære infeksjonen kan være dødelig hos føll. I alvorlige tilfeller av hest influensa kan hesten utvikle hjerte- og leverkomplikasjoner. Andre kliniske tegn inkluderer:

• Tørr dyp hoste
• Anoreksi
• Depresjon
• Noen ganger muskelsmerter, med motvilje mot å bevege seg
• Noen ganger forstørrede lymfeknuter

Årsaker

Det er flere stammer eller undertyper av hesteinfluensavirus, men en av de vanligste influensavirusene som påvirker hester er type A influensa. Alle influensavirus sprer seg i luften fra hest til hest, selv om noen hester bare er bærere av viruset, og som aldri viser noen symptomer og ser sunne ut. Disse hestene er imidlertid fortsatt smittsomme. Viruset virker ødeleggende på cellene som strekker seg i øvre luftveier når det replikeres inne i disse cellene.

Diagnose

Symptomene på hestinfluensa er vanligvis nok til å danne minst en formodet diagnose, selv om tegn på influensa også ligner på andre luftveisinfeksjoner. Dette betyr ikke noe, siden alle virale luftveissykdommer vil bli behandlet likt.

Behandling

Det er ingen behandling for å drepe selve viruset, så behandling av dette viruset dreier seg om støttende pleie. Hvile er av største betydning; minst seks uker anbefales for å tillate at det skadede vevet fra sykdommen heler. Det er også viktig at influensainfiserte hester stables i rene og godt ventilerte områder. Det er noen bevis for at støvet som finnes i staller, kan påvirke hester som lider eller kommer seg etter hest influensa.

Hvis hesten har fått en sekundær infeksjon på grunn av influensa, er det antibiotika og andre former for medisiner veterinæren vil foreskrive for å gjøre slimhinnen i dyrets luftveier mindre klebrig, flytende og tillate at den lett blir utvist.

Bo og ledelse

Livet etter influensa skal gå tilbake til det normale for hesten, bortsett fra i ekstreme tilfeller. Ellers, sørg for et godt ventilert område og rikelig med hvile slik at det kan komme seg raskt.

Forebygging

Det eneste som har hindret hesteinfluensaen i å bli en fullverdig epidemi, har vært hestev influensavaksine. Hester som har høy risiko for å få dette viruset, for eksempel løpshester eller utstillingshester, bør vaksineres flere ganger i året.