Hesteinfeksiøs Anemi

2024 Forfatter: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Sist endret: 2023-12-17 03:12

Infeksjonsanemi hos hester

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Noen ganger referert til som hestemalaria eller sumpfeber, Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) er et virus som forårsaker ødeleggelse av hestens røde blodlegemer, forårsaker anemi, svakhet og død. EIA har blitt endemisk i visse deler av verden, men er veldig uvanlig i USA. Faktisk er EIA en rapporterbar sykdom i USA, noe som betyr at hvis den blir diagnostisert hos en hest i dette landet, er veterinæren pålagt å varsle USDA.

Det finnes ingen kur mot infeksiøs anemi hos heste. Den spres av hesteflyen. Hester er pålagt å bli testet for denne sykdommen for å komme inn på utstillinger og for transport over statlige linjer. Dette er en enkel rutinemessig blodprøve kalt Coggins test.

Symptomer

EIA kan presentere seg som en akutt form eller kronisk form. Den akutte formen er vanligvis dødelig. Hvis hesten overlever, vil den bli en kronisk bærer av sykdommen. Når viruset er smittet, forblir det i hestens kropp resten av livet. Kroniske transporter blir referert til som "sumpere".

• Anemi
• Sløvhet
• Vekttap
• Feber
• Forstørret milt
• Hoven mage og ben (ødem)
• Depresjon
• Redusert atletisk ytelse
• Død (i akutte tilfeller)

Årsaken

EIA er forårsaket av et retrovirus og overført av hestefluer. Imidlertid kan infeksjonen også spres gjennom blodforurensede gjenstander som ikke-steriliserte nåler, sprøyter, etc.

Diagnose

Veterinæren din vil vanligvis gjennomføre en Coggins-test på det mistenkte dyret, som er en laboratoriedrevet blodprøve for å diagnostisere EIA hos hester.

Behandling

Det er ingen behandling eller vaksine tilgjengelig i USA for øyeblikket for EIA, selv om de fleste hester som overlever den akutte formen av denne sykdommen kan få oppbluss fra symptomene episodisk. Interessant nok har det til og med blitt gjort studier relatert til humant HIV-virus og EIA, da de begge er retrovirus.

Bo og ledelse

Hvis en hest i USA er diagnostisert med EIA, er det tre alternativer som er pålagt av USDA. Siden det er en rapporterbar sykdom og det ikke finnes noen kur, er det første og vanligste alternativet dødshjelp. For det andre kan den infiserte hesten doneres til et forskningsanlegg. For det tredje kan eierne konstruere en helt lukket låve dekket av trådnett som ikke tillater hestefluer å komme inn, og hesten er forbudt å komme i kontakt med andre hester. På grunn av kostnadene og begrensningene ved det tredje alternativet, og det begrensede antallet laboratorier som vil akseptere MKB-positive hester, resulterer de fleste tilfeller i dødshjelp.