Nightshade Forgiftning I Hester

2024 Forfatter: Daisy Haig | [email protected]. Sist endret: 2023-12-17 03:12

Atropa Belladonna Rus i hester

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Det er en hel rekke ville planter som har blitt funnet å være giftige for hester. En av de mer vanlige og spesielt giftige typene er den dødelige natteskyggeanlegget, eller Atropa belladonna.

Nightshade er naturlig usmakelig for hester, og som regel foretrekker de ikke smaken av denne planten fremfor andre beitemat. Oftere spises det utilsiktet når deler av planten gjør det til hestens matforsyning, kanskje de fallne bladene fra nattehadesbusken ble jevnet sammen med gresset, eller når det mangler beiter for hesten å velge mellom. De giftigste delene av planten er bladene og stilkene som finnes i beitegresset. Toksisitetsgraden avtar i bærene til planten, men de fortsetter å være giftige og kan påløpe i systemet over tid, noe som resulterer i kronisk toksisitet.

Dette kan påvirke hester i alle aldre, og plantene finnes i en rekke miljøer, ofte i skogkledde områder, langs veikanter, blant vill vekst på jordbruksmark og på åpne beiter og felt.

Symptomer og typer

• Tørr i munnen
• Anoreksi
• Utvidede pupiller (mydriasis)
• Endring i hjertefrekvens (dvs. uregelmessig tempo eller økt tempo - takykardi)
• Følsomhet for lys eller blindhet
• Nervøsitet / hyperseksibilitet
• Muskelskjelv
• Muskel kramper
• Forstoppelse
• Diaré
• Desorientering
• Tap av koordinasjon (ataksi)
• Liggende (ligger for mye)
• Kramper
• Død (alvorlige tilfeller)

Årsaker

Til syvende og sist vil forgiftningen oppstå når hesten inntar dødelig nattskygge (Atropa belladonna). Dette kan skje mens hesten beiter eller utilsiktet hvis planten ved et uhell blandes med hestens fôr. Denne planten inneholder forbindelsen atropin, og det er denne spesifikke forbindelsen som forårsaker de ovennevnte kliniske tegnene. Atropin er et antikolinergt alkaloid. De resulterende symptomene oppstår som et resultat av atropins evne til å blokkere nevrotransmitteren som styrer det autonome nervesystemets funksjoner, slik som muskelfunksjonen, og væske- og svetteproduksjon. I sentralnervesystemet påvirker atropin sensorisk oppfatning og evnen til å organisere tanker og planlagte handlinger.

Diagnose

Sammen med en full undersøkelse vil en komplett blodprofil gjennomføres, inkludert en klinisk kjemianalyse, en fullstendig blodtelling og en urinanalyse. Ingen spesifikk diagnostisk test er tilgjengelig. Identifikasjon av plantefragmenter i mage-tarminnholdet vil gi en endelig diagnose, men dette er ofte dødelig.

Behandling

En forbindelse kalt neostigmin motvirker effekten av atropin. I tillegg til administrering av dette legemidlet, er støttende behandling nødvendig. Aktivt kull skal gis oralt, og en veterinær skal gi IV-væsker.

Bo og ledelse

Hvis du er klar over at natthadeplanter vokser på eiendommen din eller på steder som er tilgjengelige for hesten din, er det best å utrydde disse plantene i nærheten.